July 64

Undated: K – Company K, since last muster, has been with general Army.

1: FS - The regiment was in front line of works before Kenesaw. A – Move with the division to right one-half mile. Relieved Second Division, Twentieth Army Corps. E – Moved one-half mile to the right and relieved Second Division, Fourth Army Corps.

2: A – The company on skirmish line. At night the enemy evacuated works. E – Picketed. K – Was on the picket line at Kenesaw Mountain.

3: FS – Moved some miles south of Marietta. A – Followed up. E – The enemy evacuated their stronghold around Marietta.

4: E – Was in pursuit of enemy.

5: FS – Took position on the railroad near the Chattahoochee River. Built works. A – After slight skirmishing took position on railroad near Chattahoochee River and fortified. E – Formed line on the railroad one and one-half miles from the river and fortified our position.

9: A – Advanced line and fortified. During the night the enemy retreated across the river. E – Advanced line one-half mile and fortified during the night. The enemy retreated across the river.

10: FS – Moved one mile to the left to Pace’s Ferry. A – Moved to left. Relieved part of Fourth Army Corps. E – We marched to the left one mile and relieved part of the Fourth Corps. Here we camped.

16: B – Crossed the river and took up positions in front of Atlanta, Georgia. Lay there. H – Crossed the river. Took up position in front of Atlanta. Threw up works and [illegible] them.

17: FS – Crossed the Chattahoochee River on pontoons. A – Crossed the river at Pace’s Ferry. E – We crossed the Chattahoochee River at Pace’s Ferry.

19: FS – Had a skirmish with the enemy in crossing Peach Tree Creek. A – Charged with the regiment across Peach Tree Creek. Drove the enemy one-half mile. Established skirmish line. C – The regiment deployed as skirmishers. Charged across Peach Tree Creek routing the enemy from his position remaining on the skirmish line during the night. E – Charged Rebels at Peach Tree Creek and drove him one-half mile and established skirmish line. K – In the action at Peach Tree Creek. Participated in the numerous skirmishes in front of Atlanta. Was with the movement towards the right, which resulted in the defeat of the enemy at Jonesborough and the capture of Atlanta.

20: C – Advanced and drove the enemy.

21: A – Advanced line one mile. The enemy fell back to Atlanta.

22: FS – Took position in front of Atlanta. A – Took and fortified position in front of Atlanta. C – Advanced within two miles of Atlanta. E – Took position and fortified in front of Atlanta.

27-28, 30: C – Exposed to fire from 64-pound shells of the enemy.

Nelson Diary

Friday, July 1

Have been busy fixing up the breastworks. Made them very strong. Weather very hot. Mailed letter to John. About 9 o’clock came out on the picket line.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from Marietta

Camp near Marietta, Ga.

July 2nd 1864

My Dear Little Wife

Your short favor of June 22d received. Have you and Rhoda taken leave of your senses that you think you must work all the time, if you do work dont work so hard as to prevent your writing. Are your suspicions of Rhoda confirmed.

I have been obliged to stop on account of the rain. Your favor of June 24th arrived in the interval. I am glad you do not find it necessary to consult the Dr. Consult him if you are troubled with the disease you referred to Dr. Hodges.

I am sorry about John Gill he is a pleasant fellow, still it is probable that he is unharmed, it would take a month or six weeks and perhaps longer, to hear from him – the prisoners are all confined in the Gulf States and have little or no communication with their friends at the North. I dont see any reason why you should not go to a quiet wedding.

Mrs. Huzzys receipt is probably about like the others, that is, it may answer the purpose in many cases but cannot be relied upon with certainty in any case.

I donot feel in much danger although I was awakened at six this morning by Artil. throwing shells over us and on the right and left. I asked how long our Batteries had been amusing themselves in that way, the reply was since three, so you can see that my sleeping powers have not been materially injured by field service. Much to my gratification the Rebs did not condescend to reply, so I have spent the day in making up my monthly reports. Only about three rebel shots have passed over us today and those Minies. We moved here the night of the 30th and find it much more agreeable than any place we have had for some time. We have open ground with a little shade and our horses have something besides oak leaves to eat.

My men tore down three houses, corn cribs etc to build our breastworks and very good ones they made, only as they were built in the night and only warned to look out for one point the rebs can enfilade them from another ridge. Still we rely upon the cavalry not to fire into us as we have no Artill. to reply with, so it would hardly be fair. We have a few trees and bushes between us and them. We shall let the leaves stay and not call their attention to our whereabouts.

The female Turchins & Vons could hardly stand the condition of the army now. Many of the men put their legs out of their pants when they walk, one of my men has been without a covering for his head for three weeks. Then as to vermin. With the exception of the Generals their staff officers and perhaps a few Colonels, I do not think any body is free from them. The leaves and surface of the ground seems to be covered with them. I do not think I can keep free from them much longer. It wont be many weeks before this army will have to stop from sheer exhaustion. It is strange we dont get the scurvy, with the exception of perhaps one meal of apples our men have been without vegetables or fruit for a month. My men found a keg of molasses buried yesterday – it was although a little sour, a welcome addition to the field ration. I got a meal of blackberries yesterday. If they were only as plenty here as in Tennessee, they would save us at least a thousand men a week. I would like to see you and the little man – We get but little news. A few prisoners occasionally they donot seem to be much cast down.

I suppose you are now at Grandmothers. Give her my love. Tell Rhoda I have received but one letter from her. My undressing now consists in pulling off my boots. I dont remember when I have slept without my clothes or at least without my pants.

Write often

Your loving husband

Cale

Love to all the family.

Until today, I have not seen my valise for two weeks, so the Chapter is behind hand.

Nelson Diary

Saturday, July 2, 1864

On picket all day about 3 miles from Marietta. "D," "B," "I," "H," + "G" = 50 men. Rebel skirmish pits in our front – vacant. In the morning our artillery opened pretty lively but the rebs didn’t reply. In evening the rebs fired a few shots.

Nelson Diary

Sunday 3

Received order early to get ready for move, the rebels having gone from our front. We passed their works which were very strong; would have been almost impossible to have charged. Passed near Marietta, but could only see a small part of it. Saw Jim McKell. Stopped a few miles below Marietta.

Monday 4

Remained quiet + cleaned up until about 1 p.m. Had dinner of scalding beans and biscuit, all half done. Moved a few hundred yards and deployed in line of battle and lay in line all day; the rebs cannonading.

Tuesday, July 5, 1864

In the morning we found the rebs gone from our front and we advanced five or six miles to near the river on the R.R. The rebs retreating across the river + light skirmishing all day. Stopped at night in the woods about 10 miles from Atlanta.

Nelson Diary

Wednesday 6

Remained in the woods along the R.R. where we were yesterday. Very little cannonading on either side. I wrote to Julia. Some of the boys from the 73rd came over.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from in front of Atlanta

In front of Atlanta

& no. from Chattahoochee river on the

July 6th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

Your favors of June 26th and 28 and Rhodas of 27th recd. The spires of Atlanta are in sight from the hill on our right. The Rebel Locomotive gives us a toot once in a while and their waggons can be seen moving quietly along. We arrived here yesterday driving the rebel rear guards. I use we collectively for I only had one bullet in my vicinity during the day. While looking at Atlanta a tall lanky pale individual rushed at me open armed who to my surprise I discovered to be Capt. Norton – Marietta I did not see as we passed to the right of it – the left of my skirmishers line passed through the edge of the town. We had hoped to get into an open country here but it is still ridgy and covered with thickets – I have not seen the river yet as it unhealthy at present in the vicinity of it. The 4th I passed in line of battle but celebrated the day in a very hot sun – waiting and drinking whisky a quantity of poor liquid of that name having been brought up for that purpose.

The man is here for the mail so I must close – The mail arrangements are bad we rarely ever have ten minutes notice. Tell Father you wish to be treated as a lady you treat him as a gentleman and when you do anything he dont like to tell you so in a quiet and polite way and you will correct it but that you will not receive abuse from him. Of course go home when you wish and dont submit to any harshness from him – but have an explanation with him when you both cool and let him know you are not to be scolded by him at all.

Love to all – I am sorry about it but dont remain there another day if you cannot have an explanation and an entire change of treatment.

Your Loving Husband

Cale

in haste

Nelson Diary

Thursday 7

Remained bivouacked in the woods where we stopped Tuesday. The weather very warm. In evening moved a short distance and went into camp.

Friday, July 8, 1864

Remained in camp all day, cleaning up. Had muster in the morning. Our skirmishers keeping up a scattering fire. Rec’d a letter from Ally Brown. J. Wilson, Jim Clark + Noble Lewis came from 73rd.

Nelson Diary

Saturday 9

Our picket lines advanced, met with considerable resistance. Several men killed and wounded. About 3 p.m. our Brig. advanced nearly ½ mile and built strong breastworks in short order. Very hot.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from near Chattahoochee River

Camp near Chattahoochee

River - July 9th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

After sleeping on R.R. ties for two nights we finally went into camp yesterday with the R.R. directly in front of our camp. It is warm here but the water is cold and the best we have found in Georgia – My tent is on a hill that gives me a respectable view of the Rebel works. I visited a hill about a half mile to our left yesterday and had a view of the country well worth coming to this State to see. It is the first time during this campaign that we have had the advantage of a point that overlooked the ground in their possession – The smoke rising from the camp fires of both armies can be seen for miles along the river – I saw a rebel train of cars moving quickly along but the country is so thickly timbered on both sides of the river that but little can be seen as to their movements or intentions – The only hints we get are from the positions of the smokes – The dust and the occasional glimpse of a waggon cover.

2 Hours later – We are now putting up our tents again having pulled them down in a hurry on account of fighting on our right. – it seems our third Brigade attempted to advance but the Rebels repulsed them and in addition in a very unchivalrous way (considering that they had more men on the ground than we had) came out of their works chased our men back to theirs. Our loss is said to be quite heavy for so short affair – With the exception of a few bullets, we were not injured and were only troubled by our feelings. I met Col. La Favour yesterday his regiment is on fancy duty at Genl. Thomas Headquarters Provost Guard etc –

The Rebels still have at least on Corps on this side of the river and quite a number of works to protect the R.R. Bridge. Atlanta can be seen quite plainly – Spires houses etc. some claim that with glasses that they can see people moving about in the streets. I have tried several glasses but could not see any people in the town – Our men could be quite comfortable here if we remain here for any time provided we could get fruit and vegetables – They are pretty well used up however – this is the sixty fifth day out without rest – The few days we have remained at any place was worse than marching for it was trying on the feelings – and no one could leave men to wash, so every body was in a constant worry in mind – and anything but comfortable in body – Everyone now wants to get (as they express it) where it will be safe to sleep without their pants – I wish we could for I never sleep well with my clothes on – but have not slept without them since the last of May – The present habit of every regiment building breastworks enables us to lie closer to the enemy at the same time it brings even the reserves under the fire of the Rebel pickets and wears out the men very rapidly – moving all day then building Breastworks all night – perhaps leaving them in the morning and building a new set next night – Still it is necessary and the only way we can do – but it uses up men rapidly – This is the first time we have been in what we can call camp during the campaign – Usually we halted along the road if we stayed long enough to get tired standing we dropped down under the bushes – if we stayed until dark we set to work and got our suppers – fronted our line to the enemy & threw up breastworks if we did not move next day when night came if the waggon was within a mile or so of us and it looked like rain we would send back and get a tent fly and pitch it. If we did not move next day we would perhaps pitch another fly & so on. In one position in front of Kennesaw the rebels threw their bullets into my servants shelter tent also into the fly next to mine although we were in the third line of Breastworks and had a line of our skirmishers in front of our front line. In another position we occupied near that ugly mountain all the saddle horses had to be sent a half mile in rear of the second line to save them from the fire of the rebel skirmishers – it was a disagreeable place at the same time we had some amusement there. Between the right of my regiment and the left of the next was a large open field without any breastwork – people riding along the open road a couple of hundred yards in our rear would think themselves secure but when they would come in view through the open.

Nelson Diary

Sunday 10

All quiet in our front. Found the rebs gone and burned the bridge over the river. We moved a mile or two toward the left and went into camp near the river. Very hot. Wrote to Sister Jennie. Got letter from Julia.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from near Chattahoochee River in 9 Jul Letter

July 10 – I was interrupted yesterday by an order to move. We went down and built a breastwork within five hundred yards of that of the rebels – they were very polite and fired upon us but little – we finished a fine set by midnight. This morning we advanced and found much to our gratification that they had fallen back and were across the river. I took a peep at the smouldering ruins of the bridges over a pile of rails holding my cap up for the benefit of the sharp shooters. I did not look long however for a rebel sent a bullet near it and a few instants afterwards a second still closer so I retired demoralized. The works they left here were not as good as their others have been – but those they have on the other bank seem quite formidable. This time they had to leave their works on account of our flank movement on their right – all their previous falling back has been caused by our flank movements on their left (our right). A heavy force of our troops crossed night before last. If we can maintain our footing there until the army can cross - there seems to be no reason why we should not take Atlanta for I do not hear of any position this side of there that they can occupy that will give them any material advantage over us. We moved this morning to this point and relieved Hazens Brigade. I met Hazen for the first time for several years and hardly knew him at first. He asked after the family. He was amused at Fathers ride. I had but few moments with him. We received a mail this morning no letter from you and none for several days.

I am as hearty as possible as brown as an Indian. I do not shave now. My gloves have been washed and dried so often that I cannot wear them and my gauntlets are in my other valise so my hands are nearly black. I hear that Charles has a Barbers shop at Kingston Ga. I have not received my clothes from his neither have I sent him any money.

Reece is here Chief Engineer for McPherson. I wrote to him this morning. I only found out that he was in this army a day or two ago. So far Old Turchin and I have got along very well so far. He is an educated soldier so I would rather have him than this Citizen Generals - As a Russian he has some rough ideas as to the treatment of the citizens - We are seven miles from Atlanta but I imagine that we will have to move at least thirty to get there - Tell Father I would like to see a Cleveland paper occasionally - Love to all -

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Monday, July 11, 1864

Remain where we stopped yesterday. All quiet. The men trade with the rebs by swimming back and forth across the river. Mailed letter to Sister Jennie.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from near Chattahoochee River, 1

July 11th 1864

Near Chattahoochee River

In sight of Atlanta Ga

My Dear Little Wife

I sent you a short note this morning in order not to miss the mail. - this I will send the first opportunity. You complain of hot weather but I hardly think you have it as hot as it is here. We have moved very rapidly for the last two or three days. They left in front of Marietta in the night giving up a very disagreeable line of works. I was much pleased after looking at them that we were not called to charge upon the line in front of our division for in addition to an earthen breastwork they had two rows of abattis (trees with their butts in a row and the limbs sharpened and interlaced with vines that would have to be cut away to let a man through) and all under their fire; in some places a chevaux de frise (rows of poles set in logs with the sharp points outwards), not a nice looking arrangement to run on to. Davis had the same thing in his front when he charged, all his men who reached the work were killed or captured. He gained ground however and put up works thirty five yards from theirs and commenced mining under them and if they had not evacuated would have blown up their works in a day or two. We were formed to charge the same day Davis and Newton lost so heavily. Their want of success probably prevented our movement. It is well we did not for they charged over their own Breastworks and went forward while we had a much longer distance to go and to cross a creek and our movement could not have been concealed any part of the distance. I dont know that it was the intention for us to charge but we small fry expected it, so we only had the benefit of the shelling without the musketry. Yesterday they were pushed to the river after giving up a second line of works night before last. They (as they always do) with their small trains got off without much loss. The fourth Corps on our left followed them so rapidly that their rear guard had some swimming to do to get away. We get fewer deserters than I anticipated they seemed to have convinced their men that we treat deserters cruelly. They carry off all the male citizens and but few of the females have remained. The few male citizens left in Marietta had to secrete themselves from rebel patrols until we arrived. As to grumbling about my Generals, I dont suppose that anyone is any better off for it is almost impossible to get the Brigade Division and Corps commanders all of the right stripe. All of us think that (while this Corps had probably the best reputation of any Corps in this army while Thomas commanded it) if it does not lose it certainly will not gain any under the present commander except by accident, it wont be the result of good handling. I give the opinion of others for I have had but little opportunity of judging. I have only had one chance of seeing and that makes my opinion conform to theirs. As to my being a General I have not heard of it and as you know am without friends with power sufficient to surprise me with an appointment of that kind. It is a pity that they did not keep up the rule they adopted at the first Bull Run, every Colonel (and some Captains) who was captured at Bull Run was made a Brig General when they were released.

Now as to your trouble little woman – I think you had better think over the matter and decide exactly what you will say then go to Father and tell him that you cannot submit to such language. That you consider yourself a guest at his house and expect to be respected as such – at the same time you expect to conform to all of the reasonable habits of the house and when you fail to do so from carelessness, if it is called to your notice in the proper language you are willing to conform but that under the present system your feelings are often wounded and you are unhappy about it – That you are willing to treat him with respect and at the same time you consider yourself entitled to the same respectful treatment from him. (Talk plainly, firmly and quietly. If he gets angry and abusive, as soon as he commences, tell him politeness does not require you to listen to such language and leave the room) That you will feel obliged from self respect to leave the house unless a change is made. dont say it as a threat but as a necessity to save your own feelings – (and if you find it necessary to go on account of a disagreement appoint the time of your going several days ahead explaining to him fully that you appoint that time in order that the servants may not know that you go on account of a disagreement) You can tell him that his is harsh in criticism and criticises often what does not concern him and without regard to the feelings of others – and if he criticises you, you do not object as long as it is done pleasantly and if you differ with him you are willing to argue the point as long as he does not get angry and harsh – Do you remember the last book of Trollops we read. Father reminds me of a character in that book (I have forgotten his name) the man who had charge of the widow and her daughters – he you know was rude but wanted to do the best he could for them but usually made the whole family angry -–Rhoda astonished my when I was home this time. ever since I can remember she has always defended Father even when plainly in the wrong. Now she dont seem to care about his grumbling – I judge that it has been caused by his constant and harsh criticism that has aroused a spirit of opposition in her. I dont blame her. When people are old enough to be married, they are too old to be scolded and advice should when given to them should be given with some regard to their feelings. Another thing the young man will soon be large enough to understand and if he hears his Mother scolded it will diminish his respect for her. Leave the room if the least harsh word is said to you ask to be excused and go at once – if he claims that it is impolite – tell him that he has no right to scold you and that when a gentleman forgets himself os far as to use harsh language to a lady, politeness does not require her to stay and hear it – As to going home do as you please – I want you to be as agreeably situated as you can be. There is no objection to your going if you wish. Still either way you decide I think I would have an explanation with Father for in future you will have to see him occasionally and the sooner he learns that he is not to scold you the better. A firm & kind (even if plain) talking often makes people understand each other better – I met Capt. Norton for a few moments yesterday – He looked thin ragged and dirty - I am not ragged yet. My pants have several good sized holes in them. They have had several pretty severe fractures but I have so far managed to have them repaired so they are still respectable, at least in this country. Is the young man in short clothes yet – Love to all –

Your loving husband

Cale

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from near Chattahoochee River, 2

Camp in front of

Naveys on Chattahoochee

July 11th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

Your favor of June 30th arrived last night. I am glad that you seem happier than you did when you wrote your previous letter. Am glad also that you went to the wedding. I imagine that Miss Lottie made a good deal of amusement. The bride probably did not feel anxious for your sympathy, though she may have desired it since. I think George is pleased with Miss Emma. She seems to be a nice little person. I did not think Dr. Gill was injured but I dont envy him his confinement. Why dont you have babys picture taken and send me one, have your own taken also. They take them very well in Cleveland. I was afraid Jane would not treat the little man kindly or rather exert herself particularly for his comfort. But his actions are the best testimony you need to show that she is kind to him.

It was a good idea to tell Rhoda about your feelings in regard to Father. Still (as I have written in previous letters) I would speak to him and have a full explanation. Do as you please about going to Harrisburg. Whatever you decide for your pleasure and the Baby’s will be satisfactory to me.

I slept last night without my clothes for the first time. Our pickets and the rebels agreed not to fire so they swim across to our side and our men over to their side and naked confabs take place on both sides, a great deal of trading going on. Our men have been out of tobacco for three or four weeks, so they trade knives sugar and coffee for rebel tobacco. How long this interregnum will last is hard to say probably not long however. You must not complain of the dirty paper and envelopes I use for your letters. It is impossible to keep them clean carrying them in my pockets and especially when I usually have to write on my knee and in the dust. We have been made happy this morning by an issue of desiccated vegetables although we have nothing but tin cups to cook them in. My regiment has one camp kettle and I think the whole Brigade has been up to try and borrow it, as it is the only one in the Brigade.

Do you hear from Harrisburg often – how are they all. and what is the news there. Dont forget to remember me to them every time you write.

Love to the family.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Tuesday 12

Still remain in the same place and all remain quiet. Trading between the rebs + yanks continue lively. Mailed letter and application to Hamlin and Wickersham, also one to Maria Cook.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from Paces Ferry

Camp near Paces Ferry

opposite Nancys

Chattahoochee River Ga

July 12th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

You cannot complain of my not sending you a respectable number of letters when they give me a fair opportunity. I write every day when in Camp. We have been here two days, the rest has had a fine effect upon our spirits. We hope to stay here a few days longer but of course that is doubtful. We are still on good terms with the Rebels in our front, so we are not shot at, but the pickets everywhere else shoot at each other. Of course cessation of firing is an informal agreement between the pickets. The agreement is to give warning before they commence firing and to deliver their first fire high. Last evening the wreck of the pontoon bridge swung around and they shouted to know what we were doing and not getting any reply thinking we were attempting to cross commenced firing, firing high the first fire. This morning finding we had not attempted to cross expressed themselves pleased to find that their fire had not injured. This cessation is a disadvantage to them for it enables their men to desert. It usually requires a good deal of courage for one of their men to desert. Almost every deserter that has got into our lines has been shot at two or three times by our men before they got near enough to explain their intentions. The Rebel General put a stop to the trading and talking this morning.

Capt. Norton paid me a visit today. We had a pleasant interview, talking of Harrisburg people etc. Stetson is here very much disgusted. he joined in front of Kenesaw. I hear that a Rebel raid is in operation in the vicinity of Baltimore. If you think they will make a demonstration on Harrisburg you had better remain in Cleveland until it is over. Cannot you get Jim and Rhoda to visit Buffalo and Niagara with you.

It seems a long time since we parted, yet it is hardly two months. I wish this war was over, and we could settle down quietly at some post. I wish a small raiding party would get into the New England States and another through the North part of the Western States. It would induce the men to turn out so rapidly that the rebellion would be put down in a few weeks. Hazen said he hoped Father would come down here but I think it would hardly be safe at present, and then my movements are so uncertain that he might not find it agreeable. Hazen commands a Brigade in Newtons Division of Howards (4th) Corps.

Love to all

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Wednesday 13

Still in camp and quiet. Mailed letter to sister Adelia. Rec’d letter from Tom Parker and Sister Jennie. Went on picket after dark about two miles. Relieved men from the 31st O.V.I.

Nelson Diary

Thursday, July 14, 1864

Lying on the picket post all day. Weather warm. Exchange shots occasionally with the rebs; their balls pass harmless whistling overhead.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter near Paces Ferry

Camp near Paces Ferry

Chattahoochee River Ga

July 14th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

We are still resting and at peace with our misguided brethren on the other side of the river. I think that by tomorrow there will probably be a change. The most of the Rebel army (judging by the smokes) seem to have moved into the works around the City. They seem to expect us to get the City as their pickets say "When you get Atlanta you wont find anything there everything has been removed during the last week." I amused myself yesterday riding and visiting. I called upon Genl. Sherman and was rather pleased with him. He gave us some whisky and water – showed us the first good map (of the country across the river) that we had seen. I was acquainted with several of his Staff, but they were away on duty. I was rather pleased with the General. He is certainly not handsome. Tall dried up and whiskers nearly equal to mine in color. I spent a few moments with old Von – at Genl. Palmer’s on my return. He asked after you and the small boy. Mrs. Von is in Murfreesboro, Tenn.

On my return I found three letters from you dated 3d 5th & 7th of July, all from Mantua. I suppose the troubles of the young man are usual to small individuals of his age and particularly at this season of the year. Doubtless a change of milk is more serious during the warm season than at any other time of the year. But I think he will bear what would kill the majority of little ones as I think he has a great deal of vitality. I dont care about his being fat for a light active baby is the healthiest. My Quartermaster is trying to resign. His wife is to be confined in a few weeks, as she was very delicate he got everything he could from the Doctors to prevent it & used medicine until the sixth month but didnot succeed. As she expects it to kill her he wishes to get home in time for her confinement. His is a hard case particularly as the regiment has not been paid for six months and she is without money and it is uncertain how many months longer he will have to go without his pay. We will certainly not be paid before August and probably not before September or October. My regiment is the only one provided with Blanks but it is of no advantage for the Paymaster will not come down to pay one regiment by itself. That is the disadvantage of the Volunteer Service an officer has to be paid with his regiment unless he is on detached service.

Do you think the little man would kiss me if he had a chance – He used to seem more disposed to box than kiss me the pulling hair part he might acceed to. I dont see why you dont get healthy, do you exercise regularly and with moderation – country living should agree with you. City wages cannot be compared with country wages, unless you compare the prices of everything and take into account the local surroundings, distances from market etc. etc.

We hear that the Rebels are getting quite close to Baltimore. Well the people must turn out and drive them away. The raid is made with the intention of inducing Grant to send some of his men from in front of Richmond to repel them. I hope the raiding party will conduct itself in such a way as to rouse the whole people and make enough of them turn out to put down the rebellion in a few weeks. It would have a good effect if a small party of them could get in the vicinity of Boston Mass, they would only have to burn and plunder a few houses to raise a hue and cry. You need not be afraid at Grandmothers for no one has been murdered or robbed in that vicinity in the last twenty years. I am getting strong and brown as possible. Wear white gloves now as I have discovered a pair in my valise. They are very comfortable but conspicuous – one comfort is they donot stay white long. I have a bad headache today (but I lay that to Genl. Sherman’s whisky & water) it is the first trouble I have had of the kind since we have been here. I carry your letters in the pockets you placed in my shirts – they are getting to make quite a bulky package.

Have you heard from Ned or any of the family lately. Remember me to them. I have intended to write to Ned but when I have time it is too hot and I am too lazy to make the exertion for any one but you. It is warm here, if it was not that we were on a hill and had the advantage of a breeze occasionally I dont know what we would do. I have still a hundred dollars left, but that will disappear before long if the P. M. does not come along. I am anxious to have Charles come up and get his share of it. Love to all. Kiss the baby little woman and write often.

Your loving husband

Cale

I am nearly out of Postage Stamps and cannot get any here.

Nelson Diary

Friday 15

Were relieved from picket last by Lt. Scott. Had quite a storm last night. Wrote to sister Jen, Tom Parker + Comdg’s Barracks, No. 1, Louisville. Mr. Kingery died at Div. Hospital last night. Birch Foraker was in camp.

Nelson Diary

Saturday 16

Are still lying in camp where we stopped last Sunday. All quiet. Making out triplicate payrolls. Commenced a letter to Julia. In evening was informed that we should probably pass over the river early in the morn.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from Paces Ferry

Camp near Paces Ferry

Chattahoochee River Ga

July 16th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

No letter from you this evening but one from Rhoda. It is dated the 11th July and mentions that she expected you and baby that day from Grandmothers. If Celia and Mrs. King visit her, it will be some variety for you. I think you will like Celia, although I have not seen her for six or seven years. She used to be a nice and pretty girl.

We get but little news that from the East is still disconnected and shows that they are very much agitated. No news here. We are resting and we duly appreciate the rest. The men have brightened up a great deal and now occasionally sing and shout an unusual thing for them for the last month. An occasional paper collar or so amongst the officers show that the rest has developed a slight feeling of civilization amongst them.

We have managed to raise some blacking so the field and staff of the regiment have redeemed their boots from the yellow color they have luxuriated in for the last month.

The Chaplain presented me with a steel choker the other day. I wore it for a few hours but as my neck had not been confined by an article of that kind since the last of May, so I found it uncomfortable and abandoned it.

Do you hear anything interesting from home. Have the people abandoned Harrisburg yet. Their last years fortifications will answer for this so they have that much work saved.

We have not felt the heat much here, our camp is high and airy – with plenty of shade and good water. The good water we have is one advantage of this broken country. Though I don’t know of any other advantage. It is a pity that when we have plenty of fine soil in the North that we have to fight for such miserable land as this is. This war has killed all the romantic feeling we used to have about the South. The lordly homes are few and far between. But one nice house and farm between Chattanooga and Marietta (that is what we would call a nice establishment) a distance of over a hundred miles. Marietta has a number of houses that show taste and refinement. Love to all. Kiss the small boy. I must close to catch the mail.

I love you little woman.

Your loving husband

Cale

OBITUARY.

Camp of the 89th Ohio Vol. Inf.,

Chattahoochee, Ga., July 16, 1864.

Killed in action, upon the skirmish line at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 20th, 1864, Levi Hennis, of Company K, 89th Ohio Vol. Inf.

The deceased was a resident of Union township, Ross county, Ohio, but in the month of August, 1862, in response to the call of his country, he exchanged the comforts of home for the privations of the soldier, and faithfully and honorably did he fill that position until he fell at his post and yielded his life a sacrifice upon his country’s altar.

He was a member of the M. E. Church from his youth, and carried with him into the army those Christian graces and virtues which ever adorn the life of a man, securing to him the love and esteem of all and fitting him for the future world. We sympathize with his relatives; they have lost a kind friend, the army a good soldier, and the country at large a noble patriot.

W. R. [Wesley R. Adams?, Co. K, Captain]

Nelson Diary

Sunday, July 17, 1864

Didn’t march early as expected. Had a very interesting Bible class. We started about 3 o’clock p.m. and crossed the river on two pontoon bridges, canvas boats. Encamped for the night on the hills near. Saw Stone Madison, Burns, Hoskins, Halperin of 73 after going a mile to catch up.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from Paces Ferry

Camp near Paces Ferry

Chattahoochee River Ga

July 17th 1864

Dear Little Wife

I feel very cross and ugly today and without any particular reason and as a last resort to restore my good temper have to write to you. No news of interest in fact a general let up of all new, our communications from the east are vague and unsatisfactory and their statements are those of a frightened crowd consequently extravagant and contradictory. Genl. Turchin leaves us today on sick leave for a month. The Brigade falls to an old Colonel Walker of 31st Ohio. He is about fifty and was appointed a Capt. in the 12th U.S. Infy when the war broke out (from civilian life). He is good hearted old fellow and there it ends. We are still resting as far as marching is concerned, but have been and are still at work on our back papers, rolls, reports etc. The Rebels have put a stop to all intercourse with us, but donot fire, so with the exception of commercial transactions we are very comfortable.

Capt. Norton did not mention the Fair Alice once during our interview. How he feels in that quarter I dont know. He spoke very feelingly about Miss Fanny having to marry such a fellow as McConkey.

I have just returned from a ride along the river. The rebels were amusing themselves plunging and swimming – our men fishing and chatting. Very agreeable picket duty. Rather more sensible than the people on our right and left who are throwing lead at each other all the time.

No letter from you this evening and none yesterday. You must write often even if you do not receive any letters from me. I write as often as possible, besides several of our mails have been captured, it is a wonder they don’t cut our line every day. They could do it if their cavalry was as good as ours – for our line is a long and weak one, and they know the country.

What have you decided about going to Harrisburg. Dont go if you think there is any danger of the raid extending that far. Otherwise do as you please about it. You had better write about milk before you start, and what you carry, put in small bottles so it will not jolt about and spoil. You know that was our experience. I am glad you like Jane (at least I imagine you do as you say nothing against her and speak of the baby liking her) for it saves you the worry of changing and instructing a new girl.

Love to all, you dear little woman.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Monday 18

We lay in the woods where we stopped yesterday until afternoon when we marched two or three miles toward the front + encamped in a deep ravine. Rec’d package of paper and envelopes from John. Mailed letter to Julia + Mrs. Scarberry.

Nelson Diary

Tuesday 19

Waked up at 3 a.m. Orders to move at five. Drew + issued 13 shirts, 7 hats, 5 canteens. Drew camp kettle. Loaded guns and started about 6 a.m. Went 1 ½ miles toward front and stopped until 6 p.m., when we marched down P’tree Creek. Went on skirmish line, waded creek, charged across cornfield.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter from Peachtree Creek

Camp near Peach Tree

Creek between three

and four miles from

Atlanta July 19th

My Dear Little Wife

The oil and citric acid arrived on Sunday – Your favor of the 11th arrived yesterday and that of the 13th today. I am well – we crossed the river on Sunday – after resting exactly one week. No time to write more as the mail leaves at once. Love to all –

Your loving husband

Cale

It is a mistake – after sending this to Hd Qrs. they sent it back as it will be an hour or so before the mail goes so you need not suspect that any stranger has opened this note. We hear that Hood is now in command of the rebel army, Johnston having been relieved. We hear a variety of stories – today Stoneman cut the Montgomery road at West Point sixty miles below Atlanta. It is now reported that our forces on the left cut the Eastern R.R. ten miles from Atlanta yesterday – My Lt. Col. Glenn is as you thought at Charleston under our fire. – Our friendly pickets had to leave very rapidly on Sunday – they were swimming etc very quietly – when Woods of Howard Corps suddenly swung round on their flank and they left in quite a variety of costumes. Two pontoon bridges were then put down and our Corps crossed then Hookers. Howard then gave way to the left and Hooker came in on our left. I mention this because it is intimated that the papers intend to give the credit to Hooker while he had nothing to do with it his Corps crossing after ours – if any body deserves any credit for it, it is Woods division of Howards Corps – In the last two days the Pontoons have been removed and permanent bridges put up. The Chattahoochee seems a very rapid and muddy stream.

Ask Dr. Blair’s advice about your weakness and attend to it at once – dont neglect it – As to the baby a little wholesome neglect doubtless makes the difference between him and the Pearson young one. I would like to have the young mans picture – It is several days since we heard from the East. Charles is a Sergeant in the 108 U.S.C.F. I think I will write to him to send my things to you as there is no express here.

Grandmother should not be allowed to stay out there alone. She might die without any one near her.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Wednesday, July 20, 1864

Was on the skirmish line all night. Had charged yesterday eve across a cornfield under fire + Lt. Scott wounded, 1 man killed. Was relieved about noon. Very heavy fighting on our right and left.

Nelson Diary

Thursday 21

We remained nearly all day behind works built by 31st O.V.I. Wrote to sister J. Rec’d letter from John + one from Mary. I count $40 in John’s. Moved in evening and got in position after dark in rear of 82nd Ind.

The Highland News, Ohio Soldiers in Chattanooga Hospitals

Ohio Soldiers in Chattanooga Hospitals – Lint and Bandages Wanted

Columbus, July 9. Royal Taylor, Esq., the Ohio Military agent at Chattanooga, reports to Governor Brough that 1,903 Ohio soldiers were received at the hospitals in that place during the month of June, and that 768 were transferred to the North, 204 returned to duty, and 125 died. After referring to two or three changes that have recently taken place for the better in the medical staff of one of the hospitals, Mr. Taylor says:

"The supplies of bandages and lint as well as of clean linen and cotton rags, for dressing wounds, have been insufficient to meet the demand. Our people at home have no idea of the magnitude of the work to be done, or the wants of our brave and noble soldiers, or they would devote more time and means to meet the wants of our men."

It is only necessary to call the attention of our Soldier’s Aid Societies to the foregoing, to insure an ample supply being forwarded.

Nelson Diary

Friday 22

Found the rebels all gone from our front, advanced three or four miles crossed the R.R. about noon. We found the rebs strongly fortified in our front. Are in 3rd line of battle. Heavy fighting on the left. We start to "?" force. Gen. McPherson reported wounded. Letter from Julia.

Nelson Diary

Saturday, July 23, 1864

Built us breastworks yesterday evening but this morning was ordered to reinforce King’s Brig., expecting an attack. Built breastworks again and then returned to first works. Rec’d letter from Allie, wrote to John. After night, fell in to reinforce King, but the firing died out.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter near Atlanta

Camp near Atlanta Ga

July 23d 1864

My Dear Little Wife

We are not in Atlanta yet although a great many persons expected us to go in without trouble yesterday. I have never been sanguine about getting in there easily. We had a heavy loss yesterday. McPherson was killed. We could spare any one (except perhaps Thomas or Sherman) better than him. He was inspecting a position to place one of his Corps – It would be well for you to get the Cincinnati Gazette of the 19th and its later issues as you may see the name of one of your friends or at least of a regiment for a little affair that occurred on the 19th crossing the Peach tree Creek in which we ens made a small dash. Von says several of the Tyees cheered us – The army has had severe fighting for the last few days. Our brigade has not had any on a very large scale but has lost some. My Regiment and the 31st Ohio both under my command are acting as a reserve for Johnston and Bairds Divisions. In other words we are to go wherever we are needed – consequence is we build breastworks in one place and about the time we finish them it is thought another part of the line is the weakest and so we trot off and build a new set.

Yours of the 15th arrived yesterday. Old Von wishes to be remembered. I have just received my mess chest from Chattanooga.

Love to all – Write often.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Sunday 24

Remained very quiet all day. There was some little picket firing and cannonading. Wrote to Aunt Lucy. Late at night, there was a terrible shouting, shooting + sounding of bugles, all a farce.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter near Atlanta

Camp near Atlanta Ga

July 24th 1864

My Poor Little Wife

The telegraph from Jim received today surprised and shocked me – I had not imagined that our little boy was even sick until it arrived – I wish I could go to you now, but it is impossible until something definite is done here. I wish we had a good picture of our little one. You had better have him placed in the tomb in Cleveland. Poor little fellow – dont it seem horrible to have him taken from us – still perhaps it is better for him and intended for his and our good. We perhaps have not yet sufficient self control and experience to bring up a child properly – It may be intended as a chastening for us – still it is hard. You must love me the more little wife now we are alone again. If you want to keep Jane do so – at any rate keep her until she obtains a good situation as the little man was fond of her – I deposited a hundred dollars with Father for him so when you want any money draw that and go where you wish to. If you feel desirous of going to Harrisburg do so and dont let money affairs trouble you.

Your letter of the 17th arrived today you mention that they think him delicate but donot say what is the trouble with him. What did the Doctor say the disease was.

I wish we were not so far apart – I love you my little wife – you must not sorrow for him on my account – I only loved him because he was your child and had only commenced to love and feel a pride in him for himself.

I can hardly realize that he is gone – Perhaps you had better go to Harrisburg – it will be a change for you and occupy your mind and then join your Mother and Maggie at the seashore. Look out for your health my little wife and dont fail to use Dr. Hodges perscription until you are really well – Perhaps sea bathing will do you good – Your Mother can tell you about that -

I am well and hearty but am tired of the war. I would not object if a big battle here tomorrow would end it – our twenty pounders fired into the City all last night – Their siege guns are now looking over us – ours replying occasionally. It will not be many days before the fate of the City is decided – If we are whipped it will about ruin this army – still I donot anticipate that – we have too many men for that –

Love to my little wife.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Monday 25

Are still very quiet. Nothing unusual transpired. Cannonading + picket firing continues. No mail. John Adams came over to see us.

Tuesday, July 26, 1864

All as quiet as usual in our front. Can hear very heavy firing off to the left. Rec’d letter from Aunt Margaret. Wrote + mailed letter to Aunt Lucy. Got pants.

Wednesday 27

Everything quiet as usual except whilst our picket line was advancing, though the reb batteries did shoot nearer our camp than before. The 23rd Mo. moved to another line in front + we took their works and then moved back before dark. Rain.

Thursday 28

Lay pretty quiet until about 9 o’clock when we struck tents and moved to the front line. Shells came over thick, nobody hurt. Wrote 6 pages to Allie. Got contraband.

Nelson Diary

Friday, July 29, 1864

Remain on the front line. All very quiet in our front. Went into regular camp. Got a contraband fresh from the south. Received letter from Aunt P., one from Ada Cook and one from Mary Thompson. The weather very hot. Saw Stubbs.

Colonel Caleb Carlton Letter near Atlanta

Camp near Atlanta Ga

July 29th 1864

My Dear Little Wife

Your Sunday letter reached me today. I am sorry little woman that I cannot go to you. It is impossible at present. We were shelled all day yesterday and it is impossible to tell when this affair will end. A severe engagement took place yesterday – We are not in Atlanta although only two miles from it. It is expected that we will get the town in a few days. Then I may perhaps get a leave.

Reese has been over here – he wished to be remembered to you. Col. Von Schrader has been very kind and expressed a great deal of sorrow for you.

You must not grieve little wife. We have each other still and it is to be hoped that this war will end soon and then we can be together – That is about the only comfort I have for I am getting very tired of the War and can see no chance for promotion here. I think you had better go to Harrisburg and if you wish join your Mother at the seashore – moving about will do you good and occupy your mind – Try and get something to interest you and take your mind off your loss.

Love me little wife and write to me daily.

Your loving husband

Cale

Nelson Diary

Saturday 30

All remains quiet until in the afternoon when 64 pound shell from rebel battery came over. Some of them bursting and wounding several men in 23rd Mo. Wrote to Mary Thompson. The shells scared my darkie off.

Sunday 31

All remains remarkably quiet but very little firing all day. Adams, Foraker, Mallow + self broke up mess. It rained very hard. I get commissaries and mess by myself. Bought Q.M. P’s coat - $17.